Mexico's Rail Crisis Persists Despite Government Security Push

Mexico's rail network has faced persistent safety challenges over the past five years. Between 2020 and early 2025, more than 7,000 accidents occurred, resulting in 372 deaths and 837 injuries. Despite government efforts, derailments, theft, and vandalism remain widespread issues across the country's tracks.

From January 2020 to March 2025, Mexico recorded 7,000 rail accidents, with 1,499 derailments alone. One of the deadliest incidents took place on December 28, 2024, when a crash in Oaxaca killed 14 people and left dozens injured. Vehicle-train collisions were the most frequent cause, but external factors—such as sabotage and theft—accounted for 70% of all incidents.

Theft and vandalism have also surged during this period. Reports show 21,757 thefts from 2020 to 2024, primarily targeting agricultural goods. Vandalism cases reached 44,899, while total theft and sabotage incidents exceeded 50,000. Fatalities and injuries from rail accidents have risen each year since 2020.

In response, President López Obrador's administration introduced security measures, including 15,000 National Guard troops patrolling tracks, over 1,200 surveillance cameras, and 20 anti-intrusion fences. The high-profile Tren Maya project also included dedicated security protocols. Independent analysts from México Evalúa and the Wilson Center noted a 40-50% drop in migrant-related incidents. However, they criticised the efforts as inadequate against organised crime, theft, and sabotage, with derailments and attacks continuing into 2025.

The government's security upgrades have reduced some rail-related incidents, particularly those involving migrants. Yet derailments, theft, and vandalism persist at high levels, with organised crime remaining a major threat. Over 7,000 accidents, hundreds of deaths, and tens of thousands of criminal acts highlight the ongoing risks within Mexico's rail system.